Library / English Dictionary

POPE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

The head of the Roman Catholic Church

Synonyms:

Bishop of Rome; Catholic Pope; Holy Father; pontiff; pope; Roman Catholic Pope; Vicar of Christ

Classified under:

Nouns denoting people

Hypernyms ("pope" is a kind of...):

spiritual leader (a leader in religious or sacred affairs)

Catholic (a member of a Catholic church)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "pope"):

antipope (someone who is elected pope in opposition to another person who is held to be canonically elected)

Instance hyponyms:

Leo III (Italian pope from 795 to 816 who in 800 crowned Charlemagne emperor of the Romans (750-816))

Bruno; Bruno of Toul; Leo IX (German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054))

Giovanni de'Medici; Leo X (son of Lorenzo de'Medici and pope from 1513 to 1521 who excommunicated Martin Luther and who in 1521 bestowed on Henry VIII the title of Defender of the Faith (1475-1521))

Gioacchino Pecci; Giovanni Vincenzo Pecci; Leo XIII (Italian pope from 1878 to 1903 who was interested in the advancement of learning and who opened the Vatican secret archives to all scholars)

Martin V; Oddone Colonna (Italian pope from 1417 to 1431 whose election as pope ended the Great Schism (1368-1431))

Nicholas V; Tomasso Parentucelli (Italian pope from 1447 to 1455 who founded the Vatican library (1397-1455))

Alessandro Farnese; Paul III (Italian pope from 1534 to 1549 who excommunicated Henry VIII of England in 1538 and initiated the Council of Trent in 1545; was active in the Counter Reformation and promoted the Society of Jesus for this purpose (1468-1549))

Giovanni Battista Montini; Paul VI (Italian pope from 1963 to 1978 who eased restrictions on fasting and on interfaith marriages (1897-1978))

Aeneas Silvius; Enea Silvio Piccolomini; Pius II (Italian pope from 1458 to 1464 who is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to lead a crusade against the Turks (1405-1464))

Antonio Ghislieri; Pius V (Italian pope from 1566 to 1572 who led the reformation of the Roman Catholic Church; he excommunicated Elizabeth I (1504-1572))

Giannangelo Braschi; Giovanni Angelo Braschi; Pius VI (Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799))

Barnaba Chiaramonti; Luigi Barnaba Gregorio Chiaramonti; Pius VII (Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823))

Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti; Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti; Pius IX (Italian pope from 1846 to 1878 who in 1854 declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary)

Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; Giuseppe Sarto; Pius X (pope who condemned religious modernism; he was canonized in 1954 because of his interest in the poor (1835-1914))

Achille Ratti; Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti; Pius XI (pope who signed a treaty with Mussolini recognizing the Vatican City as an independent state (1857-1939))

Eugenio Pacelli; Pius XII (pope who maintained neutrality during World War II and was later criticized for not aiding the Jews who were persecuted by Hitler (1876-1958))

Francesco della Rovere; Sixtus IV (Italian pope from 1471 to 1484 who consented to the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition and built the Sistine Chapel (1414-1484))

Gerbert; Sylvester II (French pope from 999 to 1003 who was noted for his great learning (945-1003))

Odo; Odo of Lagery; Otho; Otho of Lagery; Urban II (French pope from 1088 to 1099 whose sermons called for the First Crusade (1042-1099))

Guillaume de Grimoard; Urban V (French pope from 1362 to 1370 who tried to reestablish the papacy in Rome but in 1367 returned to Avignon hoping to end the war between France and England; canonized in 1870 (1310-1370))

Bartolomeo Prignano; Urban VI (Italian pope from 1378 to 1389 whose contested election began the Great Schism; he alienated his political allies by his ruthless treatment of his opponents (1318-1389))

Maffeo Barberini; Urban VIII (Italian pope from 1623 to 1644 who sanctioned the condemnation of Galileo but later freed him (1568-1644))

Alexander VI; Borgia; Pope Alexander VI; Rodrigo Borgia (Pope and father of Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia (1431-1503))

Benedict XIV; Prospero Lambertini (pope who was a patron of the arts and who denounced the cruelty to the indigenous peoples of South America (1675-1758))

Benedict XV; Giacomo della Chiesa (pope who founded the Vatican service for prisoners of war during World War I (1854-1922))

Benedetto Caetani; Boniface VIII (pope who declared that Catholic princes are subject to the pope in temporal as well as in theological matters (1235-1303))

Calixtus II; Guy of Burgundy (pope who in 1122 forced the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V to sign a concordat that recognized the right of the church to choose its own leadership (died in 1124))

Alfonso Borgia; Borgia; Calixtus III (Italian pope whose nepotism put the Borgia family in power in Italy (1378-1458))

Clement VII; Giulio de' Medici (Italian pope from 1523 to 1534 who broke with Henry VIII of England after Henry VIII divorced Catherine of Aragon and married Anne Boleyn (1478-1534))

Clement XI; Giovanni Francesco Albani (Italian pope from 1700 to 1721 who condemned Jansenist ideas on papal infallibility)

Clement XIV; Lorenzo Ganganelli (Italian pope from 1769 to 1774 who lost whatever support remained of Catholic Europe, causing the church to fall into the hands of secular princes (1705-1774))

Gregory; Gregory I; Gregory the Great; Saint Gregory I; St. Gregory I ((Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604))

Gregory; Gregory VII; Hildebrand (the Italian pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Roman Catholic Church and the supremacy of the church over the state (1020-1085))

Angelo Correr; Gregory; Gregory XII (the Italian pope from 1406 to 1415 who worked to end the Great Schism and who retired to make it possible (1327-1417))

Gregory; Gregory XIII; Ugo Buoncompagni (the pope who sponsored the introduction of the modern calendar (1572-1585))

Bartolomeo Alberto Capillari; Gregory; Gregory XVI (Italian pope from 1831 to 1846; conservative in politics and theology; worked to propagate Catholicism in England and the United States (1765-1846))

Innocent III; Lotario di Segni (Italian pope from 1198 to 1216 who instituted the Fourth Crusade and under whom papal intervention in European politics reached its height (1161-1216))

Giovanni Battista Cibo; Innocent VIII (Italian pope from 1484 to 1492 who was known as a nepotist and was attacked by Savonarola for his worldliness (1432-1492))

Benedetto Odescalchi; Innocent XI (Italian pope from 1676 to 1689 whose papacy was marked by the struggle with Louis XIV of France over papal authority over French Catholics; known for saintliness and canonized in 1956 (1611-1689))

Antonio Pignatelli; Innocent XII (Italian pope from 1691 to 1700 who abolished nepotism within the church hierarchy and was universally loved for his charity and piety)

Angelo Guiseppe Roncalli; John XXIII (Italian pope from 1958 to 1963 who convoked the Second Vatican Council (1881-1963))

Albino Luciano; John Paul I (the first Pope to assume a double name; he reigned for only 34 days (1912-1978))

John Paul II; Karol Wojtyla (the first Pope born in Poland; the first Pope not born in Italy in 450 years (1920-2005))

Leo I; Leo the Great; St. Leo I (Italian pope from 440 to 461 who extended the authority of the papacy to the west and persuaded Attila not to attack Rome (440-461))

Holonyms ("pope" is a member of...):

papacy; pontificate (the government of the Roman Catholic Church)

Derivation:

papal (proceeding from or ordered by or subject to a pope or the papacy regarded as the successor of the Apostles)

Sense 2

Meaning:

English poet and satirist (1688-1744)

Synonyms:

Alexander Pope; Pope

Classified under:

Nouns denoting people

Instance hypernyms:

poet (a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry))

Credits

 Context examples: 

Well, wife, replied he, it is a grand thing to be pope; and now you must be easy, for you can be nothing greater.

(Fairy Tales, by The Brothers Grimm)

Not the Pope himself shall have these from me, though he sent the whole college of cardinals to ask it.

(The White Company, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

Fleet Street was choked with red-headed folk, and Pope’s Court looked like a coster’s orange barrow.

(The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

And while the abilities of the nine-hundredth abridger of the History of England, or of the man who collects and publishes in a volume some dozen lines of Milton, Pope, and Prior, with a paper from the Spectator, and a chapter from Sterne, are eulogized by a thousand pens—there seems almost a general wish of decrying the capacity and undervaluing the labour of the novelist, and of slighting the performances which have only genius, wit, and taste to recommend them.

(Northanger Abbey, by Jane Austen)

“Alas, wife!” said he, “cannot you be easy with being pope?”

(Fairy Tales, by The Brothers Grimm)

“Your Company has been, then, to bow knee before our holy father, the Pope Urban, the prop and centre of Christendom?” asked Alleyne, much interested.

(The White Company, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

However, in the morning I determined to have a look at it anyhow, so I bought a penny bottle of ink, and with a quill-pen, and seven sheets of foolscap paper, I started off for Pope’s Court.

(The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

From Pope, she learnt to censure those who—

(Northanger Abbey, by Jane Austen)

At last he arrived in Rome, where the Pope had just died, and there was great doubt among the cardinals as to whom they should appoint as his successor.

(Fairy Tales, by The Brothers Grimm)

Tristram, this chaplain of yours seems to me to be a worthy man, and you should give heed to his words, for though I care nothing for the curse of a bad pope, it would be a grief to me to have aught but a blessing from a good priest.

(The White Company, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)