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AMINO ACID
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group
Example:
proteins are composed of various proportions of about 20 common amino acids
Synonyms:
amino acid; aminoalkanoic acid
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("amino acid" is a kind of...):
organic compound (any compound of carbon and another element or a radical)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "amino acid"):
tyrosine (an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones)
tyramine (amino acid derived from tyrosine; has a sympathomimetic action; found in chocolate and cola drinks and ripe cheese and beer)
thyronine (a phenolic amino acid of which thyroxine is a derivative)
serine (a sweetish crystalline amino acid involved in the synthesis by the body of cysteine)
sarcosine (a sweetish crystalline amino acid)
creatin; creatine (an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates both in the free form and as phosphocreatine; supplies energy for muscle contraction)
proline (an amino acid that is found in many proteins (especially collagen))
ornithine (an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is important in the formation of urea)
iodoamino acid (an amino acid with iodine added)
hydroxyproline (a crystalline amino acid obtained from gelatin or collagen)
glycine (the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane)
glutamine (a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism)
glutamic acid; glutaminic acid (an amino acid occurring in proteins; important in the nitrogen metabolism of plants; used in monosodium glutamate to enhance the flavor of meats)
GABA; gamma aminobutyric acid (an amino acid that is found in the central nervous system; acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter)
essential amino acid (an amino acid that is required by animals but that they cannot synthesize; must be supplied in the diet)
dihydroxyphenylalanine; dopa (amino acid that is formed in the liver and converted into dopamine in the brain)
cystine (a crystalline amino acid found in proteins (especially keratin); discovered in bladder stones)
cysteine (an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins; oxidizes on exposure to air to form cystine)
citrulline (an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine)
canavanine (an amino acid found in the jack bean)
aspartic acid (a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and occurring naturally in sugar beets and sugar cane)
asparagine (a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and in many plants (e.g., asparagus))
alanine (a crystalline amino acid that occurs in many proteins)
Holonyms ("amino acid" is a substance of...):
protein (any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes)
Context examples:
Se-Methyl-seleno-L-cysteine (MSC) is an amino acid analogue of cysteine in which a methylselenium moiety replaces the sulphur atom of cysteine.
(Methylselenocysteine, NCI Thesaurus)
The hydrochloride salt form of methyldopa, a phenylalanine derivate and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor with antihypertensive activity.
(Methyldopate Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
A phenylalanine derivative and an aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor with antihypertensive activity.
(Methyldopa, NCI Thesaurus)
But yolks are the primary source of many nutrients found in eggs, including amino acids, iron and choline, so there is a downside to dropping them.
(Eggs No Longer Part of a Healthy Diet?, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
This allele, which encodes neprilysin protein, plays a role in the destruction of polypeptides containing up to 30 amino acids.
(MME wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)
Molecular Biology Shared Resource provides molecular biology services to the Cancer Center investigators including automated DNA sequencing, DNA and peptide synthesis, protein sequencing, amino acid analysis, BIAcore protein ligand assays, and mass spectrometry.
(Molecular Biology Shared Resource, NCI Thesaurus)
There are 20 common amino acids found in proteins.
(Amino acid, NCI Dictionary)
In biochemistry, used to refer to the twenty-plus L-alpha-amino acids found in proteins.
(Amino acid, NCI Thesaurus)
This protein is comprised of the N-terminal zinc finger domain of protein AF-10 fused to the last 4 amino acids of the phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein.
(MLLT10/PICALM Fusion Protein, NCI Thesaurus)
This protein is comprised of the N-terminal AT hook and DNA methyltransferase domains of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MLL fused to all but the first 46 amino acids of the RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL.
(MLL/ELL Fusion Protein, NCI Thesaurus)
